Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder affecting approximately 1 in 10 women of reproductive age. It is characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, elevated androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries visible on ultrasound. Symptoms often include weight gain, acne, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), and fertility challenges. While the exact cause remains unclear, genetics and insulin resistance play significant roles.
Diagnosis involves a combination of medical history, physical exams, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and imaging. PCOS is a lifelong condition, but its symptoms can be managed effectively with lifestyle changes and medical interventions. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help regulate insulin levels and improve symptoms. Medications like birth control pills may be prescribed to normalize periods and reduce androgen-related symptoms, while metformin can address insulin resistance.
Fertility treatments, such as ovulation induction with medications like clomiphene, are available for women seeking to conceive. Left untreated, PCOS can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, making early diagnosis critical. Emotional support is also vital, as PCOS can impact mental health, leading to anxiety or depression.
Women with PCOS should work closely with their gynecologist to create a personalized treatment plan. Regular check-ups ensure monitoring of symptoms and associated health risks. Raising awareness about PCOS empowers women to seek timely care and improve their quality of life.
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